NTUBST2023EN

A novel six-rhodopsin system in a single archaeon: 

After four years of intensive study, our lab unveiled a six-rhodopsin photosensory system, the most in microbes, in Haloarcula maris mortui.  The system includes three ion translocating rhodopsins, two sensory rhodopsins and one sensory-like rhodopsin.

HmBRI: Light-driven proton outward translocator; Bacteriorhodopsin-like.
HmBRII: Light-driven proton outward translocator; Bacteriorhodopsin-like.
HmHR: Light-driven chloride inward translocator; Halorhodopsin-like.
HmSRI: Phototaxis sensory rhodopsin with a congnate transducer, HmHtrI.  Like those known as SRI.
HmSRII: Photo-repellent sensory rhodopsin with a cognate transducer, HmHtrII. Like those known as SRII.
HmSRM: Sensory-like rhodopsin working with a cognate transducer, HmHtrM. Instead of containing Histidine kinase binding domain found in any transducer associated with sensory rhodopsin, HmHtrM lacks such domain.

GPCR, RGS and G-protein signaling: basic scientific facts and biotechnological studies

Our lab is also working on G-protein related pathways in plant and higer systems.  
A GPCR drug screening system is under developments. 

Biomimicry based on Photoreceptors and their associated proteins

Bacteriorhodopsins are light-driven proton translocators.  Biomimicry based on photoreceptors potentially can take advantage of sun light to drive the direct production of bioenergy or indirectly.  Bacteriorhodopsin, Halorhodopsin, Sensory rhodopsins, transducers and F1/Fo ATPase are the candidates.

1. Yu CH, Wu HY, Lin HS, Yang CS. A conserved Trp residue in HwBR contributes to its unique tolerance toward acidic environments. Biophys J 2022; 121(16): 3136-45.(SCI)
2. Ko LN, Lim GZ, Chen XR, Cai CJ, Liu KT, Yang CS. HwMR is a novel magnesium-associated protein. Biophys J 2022; 121(14): 2781-93.(SCI)
3. Wong CW, Ko LN, Huang HJ, Yang CS, Hsu SH. Engineered Bacteriorhodopsin May Induce Lung Cancer Cell Cycle Arrest and Suppress Their Proliferation and Migration. Molecules 2021; 26(23).(SCI)
4. HW Han, LN Ko, CS Yang*, Sh Hsu*. Potential of Engineered Bacteriorhodopsins as Photoactivated Biomaterials in Modulating Neural Stem Cell Behavior. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5(6): 3068-78.(SCI)
5. PW Luo, HW Han, CS Yang, LK Shrestha, K Ariga, Sh Hsu*. Optogenetic Modulation and Reprogramming of Bacteriorhodopsin-Transfected Human Fibroblasts on Self-Assembled Fullerene C60 Nanosheets. Adv Biosyst 2019; 3(2): 1800254.
6. JL Chen, YC Lin, HY Fu, CS Yang*. The Blue-Green Sensory Rhodopsin SRM from Haloarcula marismortui Attenuates Both Phototactic Responses Mediated by Sensory Rhodopsin I and II in Halobacterium salinarum. Sci Rep 2019; 9(1): 5672.(SCI) *Corresponding author.
7. Tu, CH*, Yi, HP*, Hsieh, SY, Lin, HS, Yang, CS. Overexpression of Different Types of Microbial Rhodopsins with a Highly Expressible Bacteriorhodopsin from Haloarcula marismortui as a Single Protein in E. coli. Sci Rep 2018; 8(1): 14026.(SCI) *Authors contributed equally.
8. FY Hsieh, HW Han, XR Chen, CS Yang*, Y Wei, SH Hsu*. Non-viral delivery of an optogenetic tool into cells with self-healing hydrogel. Biomaterials 2018; 174: 31-40.(SCI) *Co-corresponding author.
9. Chen, PC, Chen, TW, Han, YA, Ng, WV, Yang, CS. Complete Genome Sequence of a New Halophilic Archaeon, Haloarcula taiwanensis, Isolated from a Solar Saltern in Southern Taiwan. Genome Announc 2018; 6(5):
10. Hung, CC, Chen, XR, Ko, YK, Kobayashi, T, Yang, CS*, Yabushita, A*. Schiff Base Proton Acceptor Assists Photoisomerization of Retinal Chromophores in Bacteriorhodopsin. Biophys J 2017; 112(12): 2503-19.(SCI) *Co-corresponding author.
11. Chen XR, Huang YC, Yi HP, Yang CS. A Unique Light-Driven Proton Transportation Signal in Halorhodopsin from Natronomonas pharaonis. Biophys J 2016; 111(12): 2600-7.(SCI)
12. Hsu MF, Fu HY, Cai CJ, Yi HP, Yang CS, Wang AH. Structural and Functional Studies of a Newly Grouped Haloquadratum walsbyi Bacteriorhodopsin Reveal the Acid-resistant Light-driven Proton Pumping Activity. J Biol Chem 2015; 290(49): 29567-77.(SCI)
13. Tsai FK, Fu HY, Yang CS, Chu LK. Photochemistry of a dual-bacteriorhodopsin system in Haloarcula marismortui: HmbRI and HmbRII. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118(26): 7290-301.(SCI)
14. Chang YI, Damnernsawad A, Allen LK, Yang D, Ranheim EA, Young KH, Zhang J, Kong G, Wang J, Liu Y, Fu HY, Yang CS, Guo J, Song H, Zhang J. Evaluation of allelic strength of human TET2 mutations and cooperation between Tet2 knockdown and oncogenic Nras mutation. Br J Haematol 2014; 166(3): 461-5.(SCI)
15. Fu HY, Yi HP, Lu YH, Yang CS. Insight into a single halobacterium using a dual-bacteriorhodopsin system with different functionally optimized pH ranges to cope with periplasmic pH changes associated with continuous light illumination. Mol Microbiol 2013; 88(3): 551-61.(SCI)
16. Fu HY, Lu YH, Yi HP, Yang CS. A transducer for microbial sensory rhodopsin that adopts GTG as a start codon is identified in Haloarcula marismortui. J Photochem Photobiol B 2013; 121C: 15-22.(SCI)
17. Hsu MF, Yu TF, Chou CC, Fu HY, Yang CS*, Wang AH*. Using Haloarcula marismortui Bacteriorhodopsin as a Fusion Tag for Enhancing and Visible Expression of Integral Membrane Proteins in Escherichia coli. PLoS ONE 2013; 8(2): e56363.(SCI) *: co-corresponding author
18. Jose Priya TA, Lin YH, Wang YC, Yang CS, Chang PS, Song YL. Codon changed immobilization antigen (iAg), a potent DNA vaccine in fish against Cryptocaryon irritans infection. Vaccine. 2012; 30(5): 893-903. (SCI)
19. Huang PS, Yeh HS, Yi HP, Lin CJ, Yang CS. Fluorescence-based assay probing regulator of G protein signaling partner proteins. Anal Biochem. 2012; 423(1): 133-40. (SCI)
20. Zeng YF, Ko TP, Lai HL, Cheng YS, Wu TH, Ma Y, Chen CC, Yang CS, Cheng KJ, Huang CH, Guo RT, Liu JR. Crystal structures of Bacillus alkaline phytase in complex with divalent metal ions and inositol hexasulfate. J Mol Biol. 2011; 409(2): 214-24. (SCI)
21. Lin YC, Fu HY, Yang CS. Phototaxis of Haloarcula marismortui revealed through a novel microbial motion analysis algorithm. Photochem Photobiol. 2010; 86(5): 1084-90. (SCI)
22. Fu HY, Lin YC, Chang YN, Tseng H, Huang CC, Liu KC, Huang CS, Su CW, Weng RR, Lee YY, Ng WV, Yang CS. A novel six-rhodopsin system in a single archaeon. J Bacteriol. 2010; 192(22): 5866-73. (SCI)
23. Chen TH, Huang YC, Yang CS, Yang CC, Wang AY, Sung HY. Insights into the catalytic properties of bamboo vacuolar invertase through mutational analysis of active site residues. Phytochemistry. 2009; 70(1): 25-31. (SCI)
24. Yang CS, Sineshchekov O, Spudich EN, Spudich JL. The cytoplasmic membrane-proximal domain of the HtrII transducer interacts with the E-F loop of photoactivated Natronomonas pharaonis sensory rhodopsin II. J Biol Chem. 2004; 279(41): 42970-6. (SCI)
25. Jung KH, Trivedi V, Yang CS, Sineschekov OA, Spudich EN, Spudich JL. Microbial Rhodopsins: Genome-mining, Diversity, and Structure/Function. J Photoscience. 2002; 9(3): 45-8. (SCI)
26. Yang CS, Spudich JL. Light-induced structural changes occur in the transmembrane helices of the Natronobacterium pharaonis HtrII transducer. Biochemistry-Us. 2001; 40(47): 14207-14. (SCI)
27. Yang CS, Skiba NP, Mazzoni MR, Thomas TO, Hamm HE. Fluorescent probes as indicators of conformation changes in transducin on activation. Methods Enzymol. 2000; 315: 490-502. (SCI)
28. Spudich JL, Yang CS, Jung KH, Spudich EN. RETINYLIDENE PROTEINS: Structures and Functions from Archaea to Humans. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2000; 16(1): 365-92. (SCI)
29. Yang CS, Skiba NP, Mazzoni MR, Hamm HE. Conformational changes at the carboxyl terminus of Galpha occur during G protein activation. J Biol Chem. 1999; 274(4): 2379-85. (SCI)
30. Skiba NP, Yang CS, Huang T, Bae H, Hamm HE. The alpha-helical domain of Galphat determines specific interaction with regulator of G protein signaling 9. J Biol Chem. 1999; 274(13): 8770-8. (SCI)
31. Ford CE, Skiba NP, Bae H, Daaka Y, Reuveny E, Shekter LR, Rosal R, Weng G, Yang CS, Iyengar R, Miller RJ, Jan LY, Lefkowitz RJ, Hamm HE. Molecular basis for interactions of G protein betagamma subunits with effectors. Science. 1998; 280(5367): 1271-4. (SCI)